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The natural carbon cycle acts as an important buffer for atmospheric CO2 increases by absorbing ~56% of fossil fuel emissions up to now (IPCC AR6). Where emitted carbon has been absorbed and why, and how this carbon sink will change in the future are core questions that have driven carbon cycle research during the last few decades. Answering these questions is also crucial to choosing the most likely emission pathways that limit the global temperature increase to < 2.0°C by the end of this century. With much greater global coverage, satellite remote sensing of column CO2 provides a vantage point to quantify CO2 sources and sinks and to understand how the carbon cycle interacts with climate across the globe. In this talk, we will review the progress that has been made in quantifying regional CO2 sources and sinks and carbon-climate interactions since the launch of GOSAT in January 2009 using in situ and remote sensing CO2 observations. Our focus is on the robust signals inferred from the six-year top-down flux inversion results generated by the OCO-2 MIP project. We will conclude by discussing the remaining sources of uncertainty in flux estimates from assimilation of atmospheric CO2 observations. We will also discuss opportunities available with the extension of the column CO2 records, the expansion of surface and aircraft CO2 observing networks, and upcoming remote sensing CO2 observations.
Topic : Theme 2: Strengthening the linkage of remote sensing GHG concentration measurements to emission fluxes.
Reference : T2-D11
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